I never really gave it much thought before raising chickens. But, when selling eggs in the US, they have to be marketed 
according to the grade and size standards established by the USDA.
Selling Eggs – Size Requirements
The established sizes are Jumbo, Extra Large, Large, Medium, Small, and Peewee. Did you know there was a Peewee size? Someone at the USDA must have had a sense of humor! Sizes are classified according to minimum net weight expressed in ounces per dozen as follows:
Selling Eggs – Grade Requirements
In addition to size, all eggs sold at the retail level must be Grade B or Better, with the allowed Grades being AA, A, and B. There is no nutritional difference in the grades; it’s just the appearance of the eggs that makes them one grade or another. In order to grade eggs, the exterior appearance must be judged. And, the eggs must be candled to establish air cell size, albumen thickness, and yolk quality.
Small Farm Issues
Sizing and grading eggs might be ok for large egg producers that have hundreds of hens. But on a small farm, eggs come in small numbers of a large variety of sizes. This is due to the different ages and breeds of hens (they start laying peewee or small eggs as pullets, and graduate up to X-Large or Jumbo (depending on the breed) as they get older). I’m sure our hens produce AA eggs – they’re fed organically, free range on two acres, and their eggs are much fresher than those from the store – but we don’t have time to size and grade them.
Fortunately, in Ohio, you can sell eggs from the farm without sizing or grading if you identify them as “ungraded and unsized”. So, that’s how our eggs get sold – high-quality, farm fresh eggs – ungraded and of mixed sizes!
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